Red Phase

The Model 4046 is a frequency adjustable switch mode
current injection source that is used to drive the primary of
a multi tapped coupling transformer to induce variable
voltage and current magnitudes into an earth or passive
load loop at maximum power continuously if required.

Typically the earth test loop / circuit consists of the earth grid
under test connected to a remote earth grid through an earth
path in the ground. To complete the loop, a return connecting
path isolated from earth, usually an ‘out of service’ feeder or
separate injection line is also used. The test current is driven
around the loop by the secondary winding of the Model 4047C
Coupling Transformer which is inserted into the loop.

Frequencies from 40Hz to 70Hz can be selectively generated
by the 4046 to avoid interference with background line
frequency. Voltage drops generated by the injected current
around the earth loop are measured with a frequency
selective multimeter fixed to the current injection test
frequency.

Measureable results over the test landscape can be profiled with the 4025E or 4031 frequency selective
multimeter. Both the 4025E or 4031 and the 4046 Injection system have a GPS function which is used
for position location and phase synchronization which frees up the need for phase reference cabling
during current split measurements and also provides relative positioning information so that the operator
may choose the best line of potential measurement during EPR tests to avoid mutual coupling/induction.

Model 4042 is our largest coupling transformer, with eight
secondary taps rated to 8kVA.
The 8 taps on the 4042 allows the user to adjust the injection
voltage and current to a desired value via individual tap
settings whose impedance ranges from 1 to 80 Ohms.

When the correct tap is chosen and the tap menu settings
on the injection unit is set to the same value, the amplifier
will see a large reflected load and will deliver maximum
power through this tap to drive current around the earth loop.

As with the lower power units, the primary of the coupling
transformer is driven by the Model 4041 injection unit up to
a nominal 320V. The various secondary taps on the 4042
translate the input from the injection unit to an output
voltage range from 90V to 800V.
Each tap on the coupling transformer is connected to a
feedback circuit which constantly senses the earth loop’s voltage and current / load.
The injection unit uses this data to maintain a constant injection current at maximum power.

The 4042/3 also comes with cooling fans and a thermal cut out switch for safe operation.

The 4047/C is a 2kVA rated coupling transformer with eight
individual tap settings covering an impedance range from
5 to 400 Ohms.
Used in conjunction with the Model 4046 the tap selection must also be reflected in the tap menu settings of the Injection Unit which also drives the coupling transformer.

When the correct tap is chosen the Amplifier will see a large reflected load and it will be able to deliver maximum power.

The unit also comes with all necessary current, voltage and
load sensing circuitry along with 2 fans and a thermal cut-out switch for safe operation over wide temperatures.

The 4025E is the latest revision in our 4025 series of frequency selective
multi-meters. It maintains all of the features of the previous models for
measuring the I/V magnitudes and phase of signals induced into an earth
loop via high power current injection.

The 4025E has been designed with better step resolution allowing for
measurement of injection frequencies to 0.1 Hz off main line frequency
without interference.
Designed to be used with our new GPS based injection products, it takes
full advantage of the GPS features to synchronize with the injection system and provide the operator with cable free current phase referencing and a visual display of the operator’s relative position to the other injection points
during large earth system potential measurements.

The 4025E runs off an internal rechargeable battery with a
7 to 8 hour field time before requiring re-charge.

The 4051 lightning impulse impedance tester is used to inject a simulated
lightning impulse signal at up to 30 Amps between two electrodes such as
a Pylon footing and a remote test electrode.

A measurement of the ground impedance between between the two is
determined automatically and if the operator so chooses they may also
perform a further test to determine how the same impulse can affect the
potential of a nearby metallic object within the impulse path.

Two tests are available:
– Direct Impedance test
– Electrode Impedance test

These tests may be performed with one or both of the impulse wave shapes below:
8 / 20uS
10 / 350uS
More impulse shapes are available upon request, (contact RPI), however the two outlined above
have been found to give the most practical and consistently reliable results.

A precision phase angle meter in 50Hz or 60Hz version, the 597C has been in production for well over 10 years. It has inputs for voltage, direct current or current via a clipon CT.

The phase angle can be measured to 0.1deg accuracy over a wide range of voltage from 10V to 500V, and from 50mA to 50A using the direct current input.

The clipon CT option gives current measurement up to 500A with slightly less accuracy.